Cell
Biology Test Questions
1. Individual cells are usually very small because
A.
small cells contain a greater quantity of enzymes than large cells.
B.
materials move in and out of small cells less efficiently than for large cells.
C.
the cell membrane encloses the cell and prevents it from increasing in size.
D.
the larger the surface area to volume ratio of a cell, the more efficient it
is.
E.
water enters into small cells by osmosis more slowly than into large cells.
2. Each of the following is a cell organelle except one. Which one of
these is NOT a cell organelle?
a) mitochondrion b)
lysosome c) cytoplasm d)
endoplasmic reticulum
3. What structure is common to ALL cells?
a) Chloroplast b)
Cell membrane c)
Cell wall
d) Mitochondria e)
Flagella
4. When a large proportion of a
cell's ribosomes are attached to the endoplasmic reticulum, it is a sign that
the cell is specialized to:
a.
Manufacture glucose for storage
b.
Manufacture phospholipids for cell growth
c.
Perform photosynthesis with high efficiency
d.
Manufacture proteins for export
5. In mitosis, which condition is
most characteristic of metaphase?
a.
replication of the cell's DNA.
b.
reformation of the nuclear envelope.
c.
positioning of chromosomes on the equatorial plane of the cell.
d.
separation of pairs of sister chromatids (the two halves of a duplicated
chromosome).
e.
movement of centrioles to the poles of the cell.
6. During the final stage of cell division, the
mitotic apparatus disappears, the
chromosomes become attenuated,
the centrioles duplicate and split, the nuclear membrane becomes
reconstituted and the nucleolus
reappears. This phase of cell division is known as:
a) prophase b)
metaphase c)
anaphase d)
telophase
7. In cell division, the phase following the anaphase
is known as:
a) prophase b)
metaphase c)
telophase d)
extophase
8. The chromosomes of a eukaryotic cell are located in
the:
a) mitochondria
b) nucleus
c) ribosome
d) endoplasma
9. Which is found in the nucleus?
(A.) ribosome (B.)
centrosome (C.)
vacuole
(D.) lysosome (E.)
chromosome
10. Which structure composed mainly of proteins and lipids, aids in maintaining homeostasis in the cell?
(A.)
chromosome
(B.) centrosome (C.)
nucleolus
11. The organelle most directly involved in cellular
aerobic respiration is the
(A.) ribosome (B.)
mitochondrion (C.)
nucleus (D.) lysosome (E.) golgi apparatus
12. The rigidity (support) of a plant cell is due
primarily to the presence of the
(A.) DNA (B.)
centrosomes (C.)
cell membrane
13. In the laboratory, when iodine solution is used to stain a cell, the cell structure most readily seen is the
(A.)
vacuole (B.)
cytoplasm (C.)
golgi complex
14. Which structure is found ONLY in animal cells?
(A.) cell wall (B.)
vacuoles (C.)
centrioles (D.)
chloroplasts (E.)
ribosomes
15. The organelle most closely associated with the
manufacture of proteins within the cell is the
(A.) ribosome (B.) lysosome (C.) nucleolus (D.) cell wall (E.) cell membrane
16. The cell's
primary site of ATP production is the
(A.) mitochondria (B.)
lysosomes (C.)
nucleus ( D.) nucleolus (E.) vacuoles
17. Which cell parts are only found in plant cells?
a. chloroplast and ribosomes c.
chloroplast and mitochondria
b. mitochondria and ribosomes d.
chloroplast and cell wall
18. Site of protein synthesis (where proteins are assembled)
a. lysosome c.
vacuole e.
centriole
b. ribosome d.
endoplasmic reticulum
19. Aids animal cells in cellular division (mitosis)
a.
lysosome c.
vacuole e.
centriole
b.
ribosome d.
endoplasmic reticulum
20. Storage compartment in a cell
a. lysosome c.
vacuole e.
centriole
b. ribosome d.
endoplasmic reticulum
Short
Answer Questions
1. Cell membranes
The symptoms of CF occur because the gene codes for a transport protein in lung tissue responsible for transporting chloride ions from the interior lung surface into the cell. If this protein is faulty, chloride ions are not moved from one side to the other, and thus the ions build up in the fluid immediately outside the cell.
a. Use this diagram to help explain how transport proteins work.
__________________________________________________________________________________
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__________________________________________________________________________________
b. Why do cells need transport proteins?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
c. How would the failure of the transport protein in CF individuals affect the lung cells and interior of the lungs?
__________________________________________________________________________________
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2.
Matching
|
a. Endoplasmic reticulum b. Chloroplast c. Nucleus d. Mitochondria e. Lysosomes f. Vacuoles g. Chromosome h. Ribosome i. Plasma membrane j. Spindle fibers |
1. control center of
the cell ____ 2. series of connecting
pathways in a cell ____ 3. move chromosomes
through cytoplasm ____ 4. protein factory in
the cell ____ 5. site of aerobic
respiration ____ 6. bilayer of lipids and
proteins ____ 7. carries hereditary
information ____ 8. site of
photosynthesis ____ 9. contains digestive
enzymes ____ 10. fluid-filled storage
organelle |
3.
Completion Section
a. The _______________
selectively regulates the flow of materials to and from the cell.
b. This structure found within
the nucleus contains much RNA. This structure is called the _______________.
c. These structures are used to
package secretions for export from the cell. These structures are called the
_______________.
d. The _______________ is found
only in plants. It is composed mostly of cellulose and gives the plant cell
support.
e. The _______________ pumps excess water from the cell helping
to maintain homeostasis.
f. _______________ is the
movement of materials from a higher to a lower concentration.
g. _______________ transport
involves processes such as osmosis and diffusion.
h. _______________ is the
pinching in of materials through the cell membrane.
i. _______________ is the
engulfing of materials by an organism or a cell with its psuedopodia.
j. _______________ is the
diffusion of water.
k. _______________ transport is
the movement of materials from lower concentration to higher concentration as
in the processes of phagocytosis and pinocytosis.
l. _______________ transport
requires energy in the form of ATP to occur.
4.
A freshwater organism is placed in a 20% saline solution. (20 pts.)
(a.) Explain why water moves
through the cell membrane faster than does the salt in the saline solution.
(b.) Indicate the direction of
osmotic flow using a picture.
(c.) Explain what could happen
to the organism
5. Directions: Match the cell part to its function. Place your answer in the space
provided.
1. Cell Wall A. Converts
glucose into ATP.
2. Chloroplast B. Contains
nucleic acids and controls the
protein
synthesis of the cell.
3. Lysosome C. Storage
structure in plant cell which
contains
water and ions.
4. Mitochondria D. Found
in plants and is composed of
cellulose. Functions to support cell.
5. Vacuole
E. Manufactures
proteins.
6. Centriole
F. Contains
digestive enzymes.
7. Cytosol
G. Tunnels
which transport proteins
8. Cell Membrane
H. Structures
found in plants which
9. Nucleus trap
sunlight energy in glucose.
10. Endoplasmic Reticulum I. Packages,
modifies, and secretes
proteins.
11. Ribosome J. Jelly-like
fluid which surrounds and
supports
the cell's organelles.
12. Golgi Apparatus